What condition is characterized by a combination of low caloric intake and decreased bone mineral density?

The condition characterized by a combination of low caloric intake and decreased bone mineral density is the female athlete triad. This syndrome typically occurs in physically active women, particularly athletes, who do not consume enough calories to meet their energy demands. The triad consists of three interrelated components: low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction (such as amenorrhea), and decreased bone mineral density or osteoporosis.

In the context of the female athlete triad, the inadequate caloric intake leads to a negative energy balance, which can disrupt normal hormonal functions related to menstruation and significantly impair bone health. The decreased bone mineral density is particularly concerning as it increases the risk of fractures and long-term bone health issues.

Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by weakened bones and is not limited to low caloric intake as a specific cause, but rather involves a range of factors including genetics, hormonal changes, and lifestyle choices. Chronic fatigue syndrome is primarily characterized by persistent fatigue and is not directly linked to caloric intake or bone density. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune condition affecting the thyroid and does not directly relate to caloric intake or bone density issues in the same way that the female athlete triad does.